Health Policy Research Seminar: Sonia Bhalotra, FBA

Topic: "Antidepressant Treatment in Childhood."

Lunch will be served. While registration is not required to attend, we encourage you to respond so we can plan appropriately for catering. Please register here.

Mental health disorders tend to emerge in childhood, with half starting by age 14. This makes
early intervention important, but treatment rates are low, and antidepressant treatment for children
remains controversial since an FDA warning in 2004 that highlighted adverse effects. Linking
individuals across Danish administrative registers, we provide some of the first evidence of
impacts of antidepressant treatment in childhood on objectively measured mental health indicators
and economic outcomes over time, and the first attempt to investigate under- vs overtreatment.
Leveraging conditional random assignment of patients to psychiatrists with different
prescribing tendencies, we find that treatment during ages 8-15 improves test scores at age
16, particularly inMath, increases enrollment in post-compulsory education at age 18, and that
it leads to higher employment and earnings and lower welfare dependence at ages 25–30. We
demonstrate, on average, a reduction in suicide attempts, self-harm, and hospital visits following
AD initiation. The gains to treatment are, in general, larger for low SES children, but they
are less likely to be treated. Using a marginal treatment effects framework andMath scores as the
focal outcome, we show positive returns to treatment among the untreated. Policy simulations
confirm that expanding treatment among low SES children (and boys) generates substantial net
benefits, consistent with under-treatment in these groups. Our findings underscore the potential
of early mental health treatment to improve longer term economic outcomes and reducing
inequality.

Sonia Bhalotra is Professor of Economics at the University of Warwick. Her research has contributed to identifying elements of the micro-foundations of inequality and social mobility, with a focus on health and gender. She uses experimental methods on large data sets to illuminate decision-making in families, businesses and government, guided by the belief that good policy depends upon credible evidence. Contributions of her research include identifying maternal health as a source of non-randomness in twin births, long term economic impacts of treatment for depression, conditions under which unemployment benefits can reduce domestic violence, understanding why women do not leave abusive partnerships, how firms respond to sexual harassment legislation, how barriers to opportunity cap long run returns to childhood investments, how improvements in child health liberate women into fulfilling work, how low cost sanitation and nutrition programmes in infancy can lower the risk of chronic disease, how to prospectively select good managers, and the substantive impacts of political representation. Sonia is Fellow of the Royal Economic Society, the UK Academy of Social Sciences, and the International Economic Association. She is Research Fellow at the Institute for Fiscal Studies London, Centre for Economic Policy Research London, Rockwool Foundation Berlin and CESifo Munich, and Visiting Professor at Erasmus University Rotterdam. She serves on the Council of the Royal Economic Society, and on their Standards of Conduct Committee; she is on the Women in Economics Committee of the European Economic Association, Associate Editor of the Economic Journal, and she acts on a number of advisory boards.